Trapezius – this large back muscle adheres to the spine from the base of the skull to the nuchae ligament of the neck, the spinous processes of C7 and the thoracic spine up to T12. It connects the shoulder blade to the spine and supports the arm and supports the movement of the upper limbs by controlling the movements of the shoulder blade. Bilateral contraction of the erector muscles causes an extension of the back and head. They are also involved in controlling the flexion of the spine. [4] The muscles of the erector spines play an important role in the stability of the spine. In healthy people without back pain, the muscles of the erector spine relax in an area from the upright position to full lumbar flexion, because the deep muscles of the back (multifidus) stabilize the lumbar spine. Even in people without back pain, asymmetrical bending of the trunk (combined with rotation or lateral flexion) can occur, resulting in an asymmetrical flexion-relaxation phenomenon in the right and left erector spines due to factors such as posture and repeated asymmetrical activities. Rhomboids – these diamond-shaped muscles originate from the spinous extensions of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae (C7 to T5) and attach to the shoulder blade. The main action of rhomboids is to retract the shoulder blades (retraction of the scapula). This increased activity of Erector spinae increases the compression load on the spine and continuously stimulates the nociceptors of the spine, which can increase the risk of injury. [6] The erector muscle spinae lengthens the spine. [1] It consists of 3 muscles and its fibers cross more or less vertically the lumbar, thoracic and cervical region. It is located in the groove on the side of the spine.
In the cervical region, it is covered with a neck circumference, and in the thoracic and woody region with a thoracic and lumbar fascia. There are also a large number of short muscles that extend from one vertebra to another. These include rotator, multifidu, interspinal and intertransverse muscles. These act mainly as synergists for stretching and rotating the spine, as well as stabilizers of the spine. The core muscles also maintain the normal curvatures of the spine and act as postural muscles. The phenomenon of flexion-relaxation is defined as the muting of the myoelectric activity of erector spinae during the complete flexion of the trunk. Sometimes you can pull a blank and forget about what makes up the muscles of the Erector spines. Well, don`t worry! This simple mnemonic will always help you.
Just think of « I Like Standing », which means (lateral to medial): Serratus Posterior Superior – is a thin, square muscle located in the upper and posterior part of the thoracic spine. It rests deeply on the rhomboids and supports inspiration by lifting the ribs from 2 to 5 where it attaches. Asymmetry in the phenomenon of flexion-relaxation increases the risk of back pain. This could also be corrected by a lumbar stabilization exercise. [9] Longissimus muscles have the same innervation as spinal muscles; lateral branches of the posterior rummy of adjacent spinal nerves. You will receive arterial blood from the branches of vertebrates, deep neck, occipital, transverse neck, intercostal and sacral arteries. The function of the longissimus muscle is to stretch the spine and bend it laterally (ipsilaterally). Longissimus capitis also helps to turn the ipsilateral head.
Learn all the details about longissimus muscles by taking a look at the following article: The relationship between the cross-section of erector spinae muscles and back pain is inconclusive, some studies have found a decrease in the muscle mass of erector spinae with back pain, while others have found no relationship. [5] The term paraspinal muscles is used to describe groups of erector spines and transversospinalis together. These muscles are the intrinsic muscles of the back that are so called because their embryological development begins in the back, unlike the superficial and mid-back muscles that develop elsewhere and are therefore classified as extrinsic muscles. [1] Erector spinae are made up of many muscles and attachments. Simplify your learning by focusing on the most important facts with Kenhub`s muscle anatomy and reference diagrams! Latissimus Dorsi – this large muscle of the back extends from the spinous processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae and lumbar spine, connective tissue (fascia) of the thoracolumbar region, as well as the pelvis and lower ribs to be inserted into the humerus. . . .